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--- reports:report_208 [2021/03/01 11:17] – [3. Buildings Process] luisa
+++ reports:report_208 [2025/04/29 15:16] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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 The main reference publication used in developing the statements used in this table is FEMA 310 “Handbook for the Seismic Evaluation of Buildings-A Pre-standard”, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, D.C., 1998.
-**Is earthquake insurance for this construction type typically available** Off
+**Is earthquake insurance for this construction type typically available:** Off
-**Damage patterns observed in past earthquakes for this construction type** There was little damage after the September 21 Mw 5.6 Durres earthquake. However during the November 26 2019 Mw 6.4 earthquake there were a few buildings with critical structural weaknesses, such as soft-storeys and short columns that collapsed. But there was a large amount of damage to masonry partition and infill walls. Severe non-structural damage occurred to many walls located in the bottom one to five stories. This meant the buildings were dangerous and could not be inhabited until repairs were made.No shear failure was observed in columns and beams due to diagonal strut action in the infill walls.
+**Damage patterns observed in past earthquakes for this construction type:** There was little damage after the September 21 Mw 5.6 Durres earthquake. However during the November 26 2019 Mw 6.4 earthquake there were a few buildings with critical structural weaknesses, such as soft-storeys and short columns that collapsed. But there was a large amount of damage to masonry partition and infill walls. Severe non-structural damage occurred to many walls located in the bottom one to five stories. This meant the buildings were dangerous and could not be inhabited until repairs were made.No shear failure was observed in columns and beams due to diagonal strut action in the infill walls.
-**Seismic deficiency in seismic systems** Due to irregular column orientation in plan and "beams" that are too shallow, the frames are very flexible and therefore incompatible with the stiff and brittle non-structural walls.
+**Seismic deficiency in seismic systems:** Due to irregular column orientation in plan and "beams" that are too shallow, the frames are very flexible and therefore incompatible with the stiff and brittle non-structural walls.
+**Seismic deficiency in foundation:** Most foundations performed well in the Nov 26 Mw 6.4 earthquake.
-**Seismic deficiency in foundation** Most foundations performed well in the Nov 26 Mw 6.4 earthquake.
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 | Seismic vulnerability class   |  |  | %%|-%% | %%-|%% |  |  |
-**Additional comments on vulnerability rating** These buildings with RC frame and infills have been assigned a vulnerability rating of D. Based upon the Guidelines above the buildings are less vulnerable than those not designed for seismic forces (C) but not as good as a well-designed RC ductile frames with separated non-structural partitions and infills (E).
+**Additional comments on vulnerability rating:** These buildings with RC frame and infills have been assigned a vulnerability rating of D. Based upon the Guidelines above the buildings are less vulnerable than those not designed for seismic forces (C) but not as good as a well-designed RC ductile frames with separated non-structural partitions and infills (E).
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